Second Language Learning in the Digital Age: How Technology Shapes Language Acquisition at Universities in Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract

The research studies technology's enabling effects on language learning while focusing on Second Language Acquisition through improved accessibility, student engagement, and flexibility. Integrating Information and Communication Technology into teaching offers students’ access to interactive learning approaches alongside virtual classrooms and immediate educational materials. A research group of eight university students in Karachi from three institutional locations was recruited through purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews using an interview protocol served as the data collection method, which received thematic analysis. The findings revealed the key themes: second language acquisition, technology in the educational system, the importance of technology and collaborative learning. Through language learning apps and online discussions alongside gaming platforms, technology advances second language acquisition through opportunities for autonomous learning, cooperative collaboration, and multicultural education. The students observed that technological instruments enhance language education through active student involvement which results in better results regarding fluency development along with scheduling flexibility and convenient learning access. The technology faces barriers like slow internet speeds alongside aging equipment but remains a recognized transformational tool for better language instruction that delivers flexible, accessible learning experiences leading to academic and occupational growth.

Keywords: Second Language Acquisition, Technology in Educational System, Importance of Technology, Collaborative Learning